Burg e Nullah Flash Flood Frenzy: Emergency Unpreparedness
Gilgit-Baltistan has been experiencing catastrophic flash floods, a rise in temperature, sudden shifts in weather patterns, and irregular patterns of snowfall and rainfall. Traditionally, Gilgit-Baltistan witnessed its snowfall from December to January. However, this year, the usually snow-capped mountains were left barren, sparking concern for locals, particularly those living downstream of the Indus River. Gilgit-Baltistan is a major water catchment for the Indus River Basin (IRB), on which most of Pakistan depends for hydroelectricity and irrigation.
Gilgit-Baltistan is a politically sensitive location because of its special territorial status, and it is administered directly by the government of Pakistan. Pakistan’s reliance on Gilgit-Baltistan for its 70% agriculture and 40% hydropower also raises concerns for Pakistan. It could spark potential risks for Pakistan’s already crumbling agriculture sector and power shortage. Flash floods are sudden and intense floods characterised by the rapid rise of lake water levels and dam or levee failure, and often capture people unprepared. High mountains in the north of Pakistan host more than 3,044 glacier lakes, out of which 33 glacier lakes are vulnerable in the hearts of the Himalayas, Karakoram, and the Hindu Kush.
High mountains in the north of Pakistan host more than 3,044 glacier lakes, out of which 33 glacier lakes are vulnerable in the hearts of the Himalayas, Karakoram, and the Hindu Kush.
Pakistan’s National Climate Change Policy 2021 states that flooding and increasingly erratic weather behaviour are the few basic symptoms of climate change. Gilgit-Baltistan has grievances over its political identity, growing insecurity in the environment on pivotal roads like Karakoram highways, and a share of Gilgit-Baltistan in the national economy and political fora. The climate change discourse and potential risk are now at the top of the list of grievances which is a matter of life and death for Gilgit-Baltistan because of the region’s topography, Gilgit-Baltistan is a land of towering peaks, glaciers, valleys, and rivers, which is prone to natural calamities.
Climate change governance and education in Gilgit-Baltistan have never been known subjects at policy or community levels. An abruptly changing climate challenges governance models and structures. All countries, especially developed countries, have been threatening the environment and the overall well-being of humans in the age of emerging technological warfare and revolutions. The irresponsible technological and economic model has polluted our environment and harmed human food, water, and health security. According to a UNDP report, about 7 million people in Gilgit-Baltistan and KPK are threatened.
Glacier lake outburst flood (GLOF) has become a frequent event that occurs across the length and breadth of Gilgit-Baltistan. Flash floods in Burge Nullah are yet another sequence in the series of flash floods due to Climate change. The event captures unprepared communities that are already undergoing poverty, lack of administrative and governmental support, and lack of awareness. Flash floods in Burge Nullah have taught us yet another lesson about the detrimental effect of flash floods on vital human infrastructures including homes, schools, health units, and agricultural lands.
According to a UNDP report, about 7 million people in Gilgit-Baltistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) are threatened by the adverse effects of climate change, including increased frequency of glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs), flash floods, and other natural disasters.
The dilemma is that the agriculture sector which employs about 90%, is under severe threats posed by climate change. The zero-look attitude over climate change governance of the government of Gilgit-Baltistan and Pakistan as a whole is undermining the serious repercussions of climate change that the people of GB are witnessing. Despite of overarching objectives of the Gilgit-Baltistan Adaptation Action Plan 2023 to reduce the vulnerability of people, livelihoods, physical assets, and natural systems to the adverse effects of climate change, strengthen institutional and technical capacities for effective climate change adaptation, the response of government has not been witnessed and exercise on grounds.
The catastrophic flash flood in Burge Nullah portrayed the government’s unpreparedness to respond quickly and mitigate climate change and, at the same time, marked the fact that people were unassisted and deserted. The frequent glacial melting has led to flash floods and river erosions, In the Skardu district the events have drastically affected crop productivity reporting 30% reductions in crop yielding (UNPO). The government’s continuously zero-look policy and attitudes toward climate change adaptations and mitigations are costing greater losses of human lives, livelihoods, and the economy in GB.
Skardu Burge Nullah is close to Skardu City, which has all government machinery and departments, but the government response still came under huge criticism and stirred public patience. The big loss to public assets and belongings, including homes, mosques, crops, and livestock following flash floods, triggers vulnerabilities of Indigenous in case of climate emergency. The flash floods in Burge Nullah are not the beginning but mark a series of calamities destroying infrastructures, In this regard the failure to install modern engineering tools like Early warning systems in such more disaster-prone areas in GB is yet another failure of government and authorities.
The average temperature in Gilgit-Baltistan has increased by 0.44°C per decade from 1980 to 2006, exacerbating the melting of glaciers (UNPO). This underscores the urgent need for effective climate change governance and robust adaptation strategies, which have so far been glaringly absent.
The average temperature in Climate impact on Gilgit-Baltistan has increased by 0.44°C per decade from 1980 to 2006, exacerbating the melting of glaciers(UNPO) report shows. This is a scorching challenge and test for administrative capabilities and climate change governance on how to adopt strategies and execute those strategies to save people’s lives and belongings in the high mountains of the north of Pakistan. The calamities like flash floods, land sliding, rock sliding and mud flows in downward streams in valleys of GB cause complete disruptions of public and transport mobility across GB and GB’s connectivity to other areas of Pakistan by land cuts off following unprecedented floods, land sliding and mud flows or earthquakes damaging roads.
The flash floods in other districts of GB are threatening local lives and the economy, and the authorities must take necessary and on-ground actions to ensure well beings of the public and their belongings. Another latest flash flood at Tata Pani, the most treacherous portion of Karakoram highway signals the uncontrolled climate change catastrophe.
Pakistan and Russia’s Multilateral Cooperation
Pak-Russia relations have witnessed renewed vigor as both nations strive to enhance their bilateral cooperation across various sectors. This commitment to strengthening ties was prominently displayed during Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s recent meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit in Astana, Kazakhstan.
During this lively and pleasant encounter, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif extended an invitation to President Putin to visit Pakistan, emphasizing that no geopolitical changes could affect the strong relationship between the two countries. This statement underscores the status and importance of the current relations between Pakistan and Russia. Both leaders demonstrated a clear intent to fortify their partnership, which has grown steadily over the years despite various global challenges.
In their extensive discussions, the two leaders agreed to bolster relations in diverse fields, particularly focusing on trade and energy. Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif expressed Pakistan’s desire to increase oil supplies from Russia, highlighting the need to improve business relations with Moscow. “We want to increase oil supply from Russia and enhance our business ties in the future,” said Sharif.
This move is strategic for Pakistan, aiming to diversify its energy sources and reduce dependence on traditional suppliers. Increased oil imports from Russia could help stabilize Pakistan’s energy market, which is critical for its economic growth.
President Putin reciprocated this sentiment, acknowledging the excellent relations between the two countries and expressing readiness to expand cooperation in energy and agriculture. He also emphasized the importance of collaboration in food security, a critical area for both nations. “We can expand our cooperation in the fields of energy, agriculture, and food security,” Putin remarked. Russia’s vast agricultural sector and expertise in food security could greatly benefit Pakistan, especially in improving agricultural productivity and food supply chains.
The meeting was not just about bilateral relations but also about exploring multilateral cooperation. Prime Minister Sharif reiterated his commitment to working with Russia to further expand and strengthen the growing multilateral cooperation between the two countries. This includes areas of mutual benefit such as trade, energy, defense, and security. He noted, “Pakistan and Russia have been friendly countries for a long time, and their positive relations will have to be strengthened in the future.” The emphasis on defense and security cooperation signals a significant shift, as both countries look to collaborate on regional stability and counter-terrorism efforts.
Sharif also expressed a keen interest in promoting trade with Russia under the barter system, which he believes could be beneficial for Pakistan and help address various national issues. “We can benefit from your experiences and develop mutual trade, which is currently around one billion dollars,” he added. The barter system could provide a viable alternative to traditional trade, especially in circumventing financial constraints and enhancing direct exchange of goods.
Reflecting on their previous meeting at the Samarkand SCO Summit two years ago, President Putin highlighted the improvement in bilateral relations thanks to trade ties between the two countries. He indicated a willingness to increase cooperation in the fields of energy, agriculture, and food security. This continued engagement at high-level meetings indicates a sustained effort by both nations to solidify their partnership.
The SCO Summit provided a significant platform for these discussions, with the meeting between Shehbaz Sharif and Vladimir Putin offering an opportunity to stabilize and enhance Pak-Russia relations further.
The summit also facilitated trilateral talks between Pakistan, Turkey, and Azerbaijan, where the leaders discussed the potential for establishing a tripartite institutional mechanism in trade, economic cooperation, and investment. Such a mechanism could significantly boost regional cooperation, creating new opportunities for trade and investment. This trilateral cooperation, involving key regional players, underscores the broader strategic vision of Pakistan in fostering regional alliances and economic integration.
The discussions at the SCO Summit and the ensuing bilateral and trilateral meetings underscored the importance of regional stability and development. The Pakistan-Tajikistan joint statement issued at the end of Shehbaz Sharif’s official visit to Dushanbe highlighted the need for a peaceful, prosperous, and stable Afghanistan for regional development. Both nations renewed their determination to combat organized crimes, including terrorism, which is vital for regional stability.
A stable Afghanistan is crucial for the security and economic prosperity of the entire region, and Pakistan’s proactive diplomacy in this regard reflects its strategic priorities.
The recent engagements at the SCO Summit reflect a concerted effort by Pakistan and Russia to deepen their bilateral relations amidst evolving geopolitical landscapes. The commitment to enhancing cooperation in trade, energy, agriculture, and food security signifies a promising future for Pak-Russia relations. As global and regional peace efforts continue, these strengthened ties are expected to contribute to prosperity and stability in the region. By fostering closer economic and strategic partnerships, both nations are positioning themselves to better navigate the complexities of international politics and economics.
Lastly, the Pak-Russia relationship stands as a testament to the potential of strategic partnerships in overcoming geopolitical challenges. The mutual commitment to expanding cooperation in key sectors and the emphasis on regional stability highlight the forward-looking approach of both nations. As Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and President Vladimir Putin continue to build on this robust foundation, the future of Pak-Russia relations looks increasingly promising, with significant benefits for both countries and the broader region.
Labor’s Historic Victory in Britain
In a groundbreaking and historic victory, the opposition Labor Party has emerged triumphant in the British general election, ending the Conservative or Tory party’s decade-and-a-half-long reign. The election results have reshaped the political landscape of the United Kingdom, with the Labor Party securing a commanding 412 seats out of the 650 available in the British House of Commons, while the Tories managed to win only 121 seats. The remaining seats were claimed by smaller parties, marking a significant shift in the nation’s political dynamics.
Several critical issues influenced the election, including rising inflation, a struggling health system, and the skyrocketing rent of residential and commercial properties. However, a significant factor in the Conservative Party’s defeat was the stance of more than 40 million Muslim voters. These voters, angered by the Tory government’s support for Israel amidst the ongoing conflict and perceived merciless genocide of Palestinians, turned their support towards the Labor Party. Among these voters, a large number of Pakistanis were included, and many of their candidates have been elected as members of Parliament from various constituencies. This shift underscores the importance of addressing the concerns of minority communities within the electorate.
Following the election results, Conservative Prime Minister Rishi Sunak announced his resignation, paving the way for Labor Party leader Keir Starmer to become the new Prime Minister. This change marks a significant shift in the British political scene, with the Labor Party returning to power after a substantial period.
Keir Starmer’s leadership is expected to bring new perspectives and policies that address the pressing issues faced by the British populace.
One noteworthy aspect of this election is the response of the losing party. In a rare display of political maturity, the Conservative Party has openly accepted its defeat, acknowledging that it failed to meet the expectations of the British people. Instead of raising alarms about poll rigging, the Tories admitted that their policies, particularly their foreign policy, were out of touch with voter sentiment. The voters’ discontent with the party’s stance on Gaza and its handling of Brexit, which led to the UK’s separation from the European Union, played a crucial role in the Conservative Party’s downfall.
The election outcome has profound implications not only for domestic policies but also for international relations. The Labor Party’s victory signals a potential shift in the UK’s foreign policy stance. Under Keir Starmer’s leadership, the UK is likely to adopt a more balanced and perhaps more critical approach towards international conflicts, particularly in the Middle East. The Labor Party’s historical stance on human rights and social justice suggests that the new government may advocate for more equitable solutions and play a more active role in international peacekeeping efforts.
Moreover, the Labor Party’s return to power could lead to a reevaluation of the UK’s relationship with the European Union. While Brexit is a settled matter, the manner in which the UK interacts with the EU could change. Labor has historically been more pro-European compared to the Tories, and this might lead to policies that seek closer cooperation with European nations on trade, security, and environmental issues.
This could improve the strained relationships caused by the Brexit process and foster a more collaborative atmosphere in addressing shared challenges.
Another significant aspect of this victory is the potential for improved relations with Commonwealth countries, particularly those with substantial Muslim populations. The Labor Party’s more inclusive approach and the election of numerous candidates from Pakistani and other minority backgrounds could pave the way for stronger ties with countries like Pakistan and Bangladesh. These relationships could be vital in addressing global issues such as climate change, terrorism, and economic development.
The Labor Party’s historic win also brings to light the importance of addressing domestic issues that have international repercussions. The UK’s health system, economic stability, and housing market are not just local concerns but also influence the country’s standing on the global stage.
A healthier, more stable, and equitable Britain can contribute more effectively to international collaborations and fulfill its obligations as a leading nation in the global community.
This victory is considered the Labor Party’s most significant and historic win since Tony Blair’s landslide victory in 1997. The election has not only redefined political alignments but also highlighted the importance of addressing key domestic and foreign policy issues in tune with the electorate’s expectations. The victory is a clear mandate from the British people for change and a more inclusive, forward-thinking approach to governance.
As Keir Starmer prepares to take office as the new Prime Minister, the Labor Party faces the challenge of addressing the pressing issues that dominated the election campaign. The party’s historic victory signifies a new era in British politics, driven by a desire for change and the need to respond to the evolving concerns of the British populace. It also marks a turning point in international relations, with the potential for the UK to adopt a more balanced and inclusive approach to global issues, fostering stronger ties with both traditional allies and emerging partners on the world stage. This victory is not just a win for Labor, but a hopeful sign for a more engaged and responsible Britain in the global community.
New World Order
In recent decades, global political and military landscapes have witnessed significant shifts. Various longstanding conflicts are approaching their decisive ends, with both sides of warring groups threatening nuclear destruction. It’s vital to examine the intricate dynamics shaping the “New World Order” and examine its implications for global power structures, particularly in relation to Pakistan, China, and the United States.
One cannot overlook the significance of Gwadar, a port city in Pakistan, in the context of global power struggles. For over a century and a half, the world’s powers have coveted Gwadar due to its strategic location. The port plays a crucial role in the geopolitical strategies of major powers, especially China. China’s interest in Gwadar is part of a broader strategy to secure trade routes and reduce transportation costs. The port serves as a vital link for China’s trade with Europe, Africa, and the Middle East, and it significantly cuts down the distance for transporting crude oil and natural gas from the Arabian Sea to Kashgar.
This strategic positioning ensures China’s reduced dependency on longer, more vulnerable routes, thus bolstering its economic and military strength.
The concept of a “New World Order” gained prominence in the 1980s when the Soviet Union collapsed, leaving the United States as the sole superpower. During this period, China was still lagging behind the US in political, technological, military, and economic arenas. It was then that President Reagan declared the ambition to establish a New World Order and envisioned future wars being fought from space—a claim that eventually fizzled out. In those years, the US aimed to dominate the world economy and military for the next century, keeping oil and gas-producing countries under control and preventing the resurgence of Russia and the rise of China. This vision was encapsulated in the “Project for a New American Century,” which sought to cement US supremacy in the 21st century. This ambitious project aimed to reshape global politics in favor of the United States, ensuring its dominance in every aspect of international affairs.
By 2014, the geopolitical landscape had shifted dramatically. China and Russia began to challenge US dominance. China’s strategic moves in the South China Sea and Russia’s assertive actions in Syria marked the decline of unquestioned US supremacy. New conflicts, such as those in Ukraine and the South China Sea, further complicated the global power dynamics. China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), with the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as a flagship project, aimed to enhance connectivity and cooperation across Asia. However, internal and external challenges impeded the progress of CPEC.
The US, seeking to counter China’s influence, found allies within Pakistan’s establishment, leading to disruptions in CPEC’s implementation.
The competition between these global powers reflects broader strategic interests. China’s investments in infrastructure projects like CPEC are designed to create new trade routes, reducing reliance on traditional maritime paths that are susceptible to disruption by the US and its allies. On the other hand, the US has been keen to limit China’s growing influence by supporting opposition within Pakistan and strengthening ties with India, a regional rival of China.
The political landscape in Pakistan also played a crucial role in shaping the future of CPEC. Military and political leaders such as General Raheel Sharif and General Qamar Javed Bajwa faced significant pressures and challenges in balancing national interests with external influences. The appointment of General Asim Munir marked a potential turning point, with hopes for a renewed focus on CPEC and strengthened Sino-Pakistani relations. Pakistan’s internal dynamics have often influenced its foreign policy decisions. The complex relationship between civilian governments and the military has led to shifts in how Pakistan aligns itself with major powers. The fluctuating support for CPEC within Pakistan reflects these internal struggles, where different factions vie for control and influence over the country’s strategic direction.
Over the years, the United States faced successive setbacks in its attempts to maintain global dominance. The rise of China and Russia, coupled with persistent conflicts in various regions, eroded US influence. The formation of alliances such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and BRICS signaled a shift towards a multipolar world order. China’s pragmatic approach to winning skirmishes and Russia’s willingness to use nuclear weapons highlighted the diminishing effectiveness of US strategies.
The SCO’s agenda of combating terrorism and establishing peace underscores the collaborative efforts of emerging powers to reshape global order.
The changing dynamics are evident in various global conflicts. In the South China Sea, China’s assertive claims and construction of artificial islands have led to heightened tensions with neighboring countries and the US. Meanwhile, Russia’s involvement in Ukraine and Syria has demonstrated its willingness to challenge US influence directly. These actions have showcased the growing confidence of these nations in asserting their power on the global stage.
The current geopolitical climate suggests that the era of unchallenged American dominance is coming to an end. The rise of China and Russia, along with the emergence of new alliances, indicates a transition towards a more balanced distribution of global power. This shift has significant implications for international relations and global stability. The SCO and BRICS represent efforts by emerging powers to create alternative institutions that can counterbalance Western-dominated organizations like NATO and the IMF.
These groups aim to promote economic cooperation, security collaboration, and political dialogue among member states, offering a platform for non-Western countries to assert their interests collectively.
The new world order that is taking shape is characterized by a multipolar structure where no single nation can claim absolute dominance. This could lead to a more stable global environment, provided that major powers can navigate their differences and find common ground on issues like trade, security, and environmental sustainability.
The concept of the “New World Order” has evolved significantly since its inception in the late 20th century. Today, the world stands on the brink of another major transformation. The decline of American hegemony and the rise of China and Russia signal the end of the old order and the beginning of a new one. As global power dynamics continue to shift, the importance of strategic locations like Gwadar and initiatives like CPEC will play a crucial role in shaping the future of international relations. The world watches closely as these developments unfold, heralding a new era in global politics and power structures. The challenge for all nations will be to navigate this complex landscape in a way that promotes peace, stability, and prosperity for all. The emerging multipolar world order offers both opportunities and challenges, requiring careful diplomacy, strategic foresight, and a commitment to international cooperation.
A Turning Point in Pak-US Diplomatic Relations
Independence Day is celebrated with great fanfare on the Fourth of July every year in the United States. Exactly 248 years ago, on the Fourth of July in 1776, 13 colonial states of North America unanimously declared their independence from the British Empire. This significant moment laid the foundation for the United States of America, a country that eventually rose to the status of a global superpower. The pursuit of equal rights, freedom of expression, and a prosperous life among the American people was enshrined in the Declaration of Independence, shaping the ethos of the nation.
Post-World War II, the United States emerged victorious, and the collapse of the British Empire led to the emergence of various independent states, including Pakistan. The diplomatic relationship between Pakistan and the United States dates back to the early years of Pakistan’s independence. The first Prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan, prioritized establishing strong ties with the United States, viewing it as a leader in democratic values, freedom of expression, and human rights.
This initial move was a significant expression of confidence in the United States and set the tone for future interactions between the two countries.
Over the decades, Pakistan and the United States have experienced fluctuations in their relationship, marked by periods of close cooperation and instances of mutual distrust. During the Cold War, Pakistan and the United States found common ground in countering the spread of communism, leading to military and economic partnerships. However, the relationship was not without its challenges. Events such as the Soviet-Afghan War saw Pakistan playing a pivotal role, with substantial support from the United States. Yet, the post-Cold War era introduced new dynamics and complexities into their bilateral relations.
One recent incident that has strained these relations is the approval of Resolution 901 by the US House of Representatives on June 25, 2024. This resolution has sparked significant debate and controversy, highlighting both support and criticism from various quarters. Resolution 901 calls for strengthening ties with the Pakistani government to ensure democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. It acknowledges the significant participation of Pakistani citizens, including women, youth, and minority groups, in the general election held on February 8. The resolution urges the US President and the Secretary of State to support democratic and electoral institutions in Pakistan and to ensure the freedoms of press, assembly, and expression.
Furthermore, the resolution calls for a full and independent investigation into alleged irregularities and interference in the February 8 election, emphasizing the importance of maintaining transparency and integrity in the electoral process. The resolution has received substantial media coverage, igniting a debate on international diplomacy and the extent of US involvement in Pakistan’s internal affairs.
Supporters of the resolution argue that it represents a commitment to upholding democratic principles and human rights. They view it as a necessary step to support Pakistan in its journey toward a more transparent and accountable democratic system.
However, the approval of Resolution 901 has been met with mixed reactions. Some observers view it as a positive sign of international support for democratic values and human rights in Pakistan. They believe that such external pressure can encourage necessary reforms and strengthen democratic institutions in Pakistan. On the other hand, many analysts criticize it as an undue interference in Pakistan’s internal matters. They argue that the resolution undermines Pakistan’s sovereignty and could lead to further complications in an already complex political landscape.
The Pakistani government has responded strongly, condemning the resolution and passing a counter-resolution that describes the US move as regrettable and intrusive. This development has introduced a new rift in the long-standing relationship between Pakistan and the United States. The diplomatic fallout from Resolution 901 is seen as a negative development in Pakistan, exacerbating existing tensions. The government of Pakistan has officially reacted with strong disapproval, asserting its sovereignty and the need to handle its internal affairs without external interference.
Interestingly, predictions made in December last year, based on Vedic Astrology, foresaw the current post-election situation in Pakistan. The approval of Resolution 901 aligns with these predictions, suggesting that Pakistan will face new challenges and increased global scrutiny in the coming months. These astrological predictions had indicated a turbulent period for Pakistan, with potential political and diplomatic upheavals. The current situation seems to validate these forecasts, highlighting the complexities and uncertainties facing the country.
Given the current situation, it is crucial to consider the motivations behind the American initiative carefully. A strategic and measured response is needed to navigate the diplomatic complexities. US allies, including India, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, may also reevaluate their bilateral relations with Pakistan in light of this resolution.
These countries could use the resolution as a basis to justify their own diplomatic stances and policies towards Pakistan, further complicating the regional dynamics.
The approval of Resolution 901 also raises questions about the broader implications for international diplomacy. It underscores the delicate balance that countries must maintain in addressing internal issues while engaging with external partners. The response from Pakistan indicates a broader concern about sovereignty and the right to self-determination. This situation highlights the challenges faced by nations in maintaining their autonomy while navigating the complexities of global politics.
As the United States celebrates its Independence Day, it is a moment for reflection on the importance of prudence, seriousness, and tolerance in international relations. The leadership of both Pakistan and the United States must exercise caution to avoid actions that could further strain their relationship. It is essential to foster dialogue and cooperation, emphasizing mutual respect and understanding.
Diplomatic efforts should focus on finding common ground and addressing concerns in a manner that respects the sovereignty of both nations.
While congratulating the American people on their Independence Day, it is hoped that the top leadership of both nations will approach this sensitive issue with the wisdom required to maintain and strengthen their diplomatic ties, rather than allowing distances to increase. It is a time to recognize the shared values and common interests that have historically underpinned the Pak-US relationship. Moving forward, both nations must prioritize constructive engagement and seek solutions that promote stability, democracy, and human rights.
Ultimately, the approval of Resolution 901 by the US House of Representatives has introduced a new dimension to the Pak-US relationship. While it underscores the importance of democratic values and human rights, it also highlights the challenges of international diplomacy and the need for careful consideration of sovereign issues. The path ahead requires a balanced approach, focusing on dialogue and mutual respect to navigate the complexities of this evolving situation.
Pakistan and Emerging Global Order
Within the last fortnight, three separate but related events are pointers to the emergence of a new, alternative global order rooted in Asia and the Global South, providing exciting new opportunities for Pakistan. I was fortunate to be participating in two of these three events. On 19 June, Russia, as the current chair of BRICS, hosted a major international event on BRICS in the Far Eastern port of Vladivostok. 29 countries, including Pakistan, are applicants for membership in BRICS, which now includes almost half the world’s population, contributing 30% of global GDP and 50% of global oil and gas producers amongst its members. Pakistan hopes to join BRICS as it wants to be part of the new emerging order of the Global South. Pakistan, as a member of the UN Security Council from 2025 to 2026, will also be a robust voice for peace, justice, and the Global South.
Pakistan’s election to the UN Security Council for 2025-2026, its participation in the International Transport Corridor initiative, and the deepening of the Pakistan-China Strategic All-Weather Partnership underscore its pivotal role in the emerging global order.
Then, on 28 June, President Xi Jinping hosted an International Conference on the 70th Anniversary of the 5 Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, which was the first Asian alternative to the then-existing Western-dominated global order. On 3 July, the Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) met in Astana. Pakistan was represented in all these three major events.
These events took place in the context of three fundamental shifts in the contemporary world order. First, the decline of the West and the concurrent rise of the Global South, with ‘The Economist’ (9 May, 2024), aptly announcing that ‘the (post World War II) Western liberal international order seems to be coming apart’.
Second, China’s phenomenal rise, particularly in advanced areas of science and technology, is a force multiplier in Beijing’s quest to spearhead and spawn the emergence of an alternative world that is not based on the fading hegemony of the West but upholding the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. America’s Harvard University carried out a research report on ‘China versus the United States – The Great Tech Rivalry,’ which noted that ‘China seems to be overtaking the U.S. in hi-tech manufacturing, especially in Artificial Intelligence, 5G, robotics, cloud computing and STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics)’.
The Economist, in its cover story on 15 June, called China ‘the scientific superpower’, concluding that the ‘old science world order, dominated by the United States of America, Europe and Japan, is coming to an end’. The Economist cites some interesting facts in this regard: 40% of original research papers on A.I. are now emanating from China, with only 10% from the US and another 15% from Europe/UK; out of the top 10 scientific research universities, 6 are in China; Tsinghua University, alma mater of President Xi Jinping, is the top university in the world in science and technology today, and China’s spacecraft is the first to bring samples to earth from the hard-to-reach side of the moon.
Third, the US and the West have already embarked on a new Cold War to ‘contain’ China and curtail its rise. NATO, which is based in Europe, now labels China as a ‘threat’, and after the recent G7 Summit in Italy, The New York Times splashed its report of the Summit: ‘China joins the G7’s List of Adversaries’, citing ‘28 references to China in the final communique, almost all of them describing Beijing as a malign force’.
China’s rise as a scientific superpower, particularly in areas like AI, 5G, and robotics, is reshaping the global landscape. This shift is evident in China, which produces 40% of original research papers on AI, compared to 10% from the US and 15% from Europe/the UK.
While the West, or, more precisely, the US military-industrial-complex, which is becoming a permanent war machine, prepares for a New Cold War, with a mindset steeped in the Cold War of the past, the contours of an emerging global order are already apparent, replacing the post World War 2 Western-propped global economic and political order, which is already unraveling.
Organizations like BRICS and Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) would be the pillars of this emerging new global order, which will derive its strength from the United Nations Charter, international law, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, rejecting hegemony, military diktat, and double standards.
An expanded BRICS and SCO can make a major contribution to promoting three major trends of contemporary international relations:
- Democratization of international relations through dialogue and inter-state relationships based on equality, reciprocity, and the rule of law;
- Demilitarisation of international relations, as the Western world order in the 21st Century, is in the grip of a new Cold War hysteria, arming Israel to kill Palestinians or promoting ‘Asian NATO’ and building groups like QUAD and AUKUS to contain China and Russia;
- DeDollarisation of the international financial system, with the US often using the dollar currency as a political weapon, as now 68 of 193 member states of the UN are already embarked on this process, while Saudi Arabia, on 9 June 2024, has ended its 50-year-old agreement with the United States regarding petrodollars and Saudi oil is now also trading in non-dollar currencies.
On 14 June, the initiative of President Putin for a new Eurasian Security paradigm was unveiled, based on indivisible security of nations so that no one country’s security can be at the expense of others, which is similar to the earlier endeavour of President Xi Jinping for a ‘Global Security Initiative’. At Astana, President Putin termed the SCO as ‘one of the key pillars of a far, multipolar world order’.
Russia and China have also taken an upfront principled position on the Gaza Genocide, underlining Israel has lost the war politically, morally, legally, and diplomatically, and Israeli supporters in the declining West have also been exposed for their double standards as they are complicit in aiding and abetting the Gaza Genocide, which is a crime against humanity under international law and the UN Charter.
Recent events, such as the BRICS summit in Vladivostok, the International Conference on the 70th Anniversary of the 5 Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and the SCO Summit in Astana, highlight the rise of a new global order led by Asia and the Global South, offering new opportunities for Pakistan.
Pakistan, given its historical role and location, has already embarked on being an active part of the new global order unfolding now, with three specific developments. Pakistan’s election to the United Nations Security Council for 2025-2026 underlines Pakistan’s growing role as the spokesperson of the Global South, especially as the Voice of the oppressed Kashmiris and Palestinians. Then, Pakistan accepted President Putin’s invitation to join his signature initiative of an International Transport Corridor.
At the same time, the successful visit of the Pakistan Prime Minister to China and the ensuing Joint Statement are a historic blueprint for the future direction of the Pakistan-China Strategic All-Weather Partnership. Three elements of the Joint Statement are significant. First, it refers to the content and quality of the bilateral bond as being based on ‘unshakable mutual trust’ and in an oblique reference to the presence of Army Chief General Asim Munir in the Prime Minister’s meeting with President Xi Jinping, that cooperation among the two neighbors militaries stems from ‘high level of mutual trust playing an irreplaceable, critical role in ensuring strategic balance in the region’ (meaning vis-a-vis the regional bully, India).
Second, Pakistan endorses that China’s path to modernization provides a new option and practical solution for developing countries and that the ‘Thought of President Xi Jinping has opened up a new path for handling international relations in a proper way.’ Third, both Pakistan and China expressed support for an ‘equal and orderly multipolar world and inclusive and universally beneficial economic globalization’ while opposing ‘hegemony, domineering and bullying, exclusionist approaches, power politics and unilateralism in all forms.’
China also expressed support for ‘Pakistan playing a bigger role in regional and international affairs.’ Significantly, President Xi Jinping told the Pakistan Prime Minister and Chief of Army Staff that ‘China views relations with Pakistan from a strategic and long-term perspective.’
Given this context, Pakistan has Strategic Space to pursue an autonomous foreign policy that needs to weave in a triangular focus on providing a Healing Touch at home for political stability, Regional Reset with neighbours focusing less on security and more on geoeconomics, and taking an upgraded CPEC forward, together with SCO and support for BRICS, to be the pivotal player in regional economic connectivity as a whole new world is opening up through economy, energy, roads, railways, ports and pipelines.
As the Latin maxim goes: ‘Carpe Diem’, ‘Seize the Moment’!
Balochistan’s Universities in the 2024-25 Fiscal year
Universities are well known for their contributions to knowledge, innovation, and civilizational development in human history. Universities have made immeasurable contributions to world history, politics, economics, civilizations, and all aspects of human life; they have also played a significant role in shaping the basic structure of contemporary society.
The concept of a university dates back several centuries. Notable institutions, such as the University of Bologna (1088), the University of Paris (1150), and the University of Oxford (1096), laid the foundation for higher education as we know it today. These early universities were centers of theological and philosophical thought—indeed, they shaped the intellectual climate in which we existed.
As history crawled, universities literally became centers of scientific research and technological innovation. The Renaissance and the Enlightenment likewise saw universities play a critical role in driving humanity forward intellectually. In the 19th and 20th centuries, industrialization and technological revolutions were beacons powered by research universities. Institutions like Stanford and Cambridge became synonymous with leading discoveries and inventions that changed entire industries. This led to an increase in the living standards of individuals worldwide.
Universities provide a space for universal cultural variety, open debate, and civic responsibility.
In addition, universities serve as sociocultural hubs. Although new challenges constantly emerge for the future of higher education and research, they remain trusted allies in the face of transformation. A university is sometimes called upon to lead problem-solving, such as overcoming social and political conflicts. At the same time, culture and history are written into universities’ working environments. Universities are also the keepers of the flame for knowledge, forever promoting the deeper understanding of human heritage that arises from intellectual exploration.
Balochistan’s journey to higher education started late compared to other provinces in Pakistan. Since the founding of the University of Balochistan in 1970, 10 other universities have been established. Hence, despite various challenges, these universities have made great strides in educating the young people of Balochistan. The graduates they produce go on to work in a variety of fields, from medicine and engineering to the social sciences, arts, and humanities. Their potential remains largely unused because of structural faults and chronic underinvestment.
Universities of Balochistan face a range of challenges that bar their way to delivering quality education and fostering innovative new thinking. These include a lack of adequate facilities, a shortage of funds, and not enough qualified administrators. Last month, the Balochistan government passed the 2024–25 annual budget and only allocated PAK 5 billion for Balochistan universities. This budget only covers salaries, and there is not much money left to do anything in support of academic advancement or research activities.
The consequences of this underinvestment are severe. Universities cannot invest in innovative research laboratories, libraries, and technology without proper funding. This puts a brake on the creative and intellectual vitality of students and faculty alike. Nor can universities carry out any serious research that would be helpful to local and provincial problems—from economic development issues to social harmony in society itself.
The essence of a university is to generate new knowledge, encourage innovation, and nurture creativity. If the purse strings are tied up with operational costs such as salaries, this will kill off the university’s core mission. Creativity and innovation, marks of an advanced society, cannot bloom under the stifling effect of lack of funding on academic freedom.
No research into new projects or fields, including no groundbreaking studies, is pursued by faculty members, and the whole province remains starved of global academic exchanges.
A paradigm shift in how the government views and funds higher education is needed for Balochistan to reach its full potential. Investing in universities is not a luxury but a prerequisite for sustainable development and lasting peace. A well-funded university system can push economic growth by creating a skilled, innovative workforce, drawing in investment, and nurturing entrepreneurship.
The lack of research and development investment means that students have no opportunities to participate in cutting-edge projects. At the same time, teachers will forgo their original work, and the outside world will remain cut off from dialogue with academia.
The current budget for Balochistan’s universities cannot meet their needs and betrays a shortsighted approach to development. For the government to truly develop the universities of Balochistan, a more multifaceted approach is needed. Priority one is to ensure that the universities have a large budget for operations, research, infrastructure development, and technology.
Second, Balochistan must develop partnerships with international universities and research institutions to benefit from global best practices and innovations. Third, the best approach would be to enhance the existing universities in Baluchistan rather than establishing new ones.
Fourth, faculty and students must be actively involved in research activities to cultivate a strong research culture in Balochistan. Research-driven faculty can drive innovation by garnering grants, cooperating with industry, and publishing findings in well-recognized journals. However, their own expertise can also draw in research funds, allowing students to do projects that really mean something. Driven students, on the other hand, contribute new ideas, fresh perspectives, and innovative research, frequently delving into uncharted fields and pushing the limits of existing understanding.
Higher education is not just a cost; it’s an investment in human capital and our most powerful tool for the future.
This is an investment that the government must make to secure a better future for Balochistan’s youth. If Balochistan is to thrive, the government must substantially increase higher education. This investment will bear fruit in the form of economic growth, social and political stability, and a more enlightened, innovative society. If today we neglect research, then tomorrow, the world will neglect us, and we will never develop. Balochistan’s future depends on the strength and vitality of its universities.
Astana Gears Up for Historic Meeting Summit of SCO 2024
Astana, July 4—Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, will host the Summit of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the Independence Palace—one of the critical events under the Chairmanship of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This makes this year’s summit quite significant, as Belarus will become an entire member country, and the number of SCO member states will increase to ten.
The SCO Summit will bring together an impressive group of world leaders. As part of the summit, the Presidents and Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan, India, Iran, China, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Belarus will convene. Again, present are leaders from observer states and dialogue partners such as Mongolia, Azerbaijan, Qatar, UAE, Türkiye, and Turkmenistan.
The heads of the United Nations (UN), Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia (CICA), Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), Eurasian Economic Community (EEC), and the Islamic Organization for Food Security (IOFS) will also attend.
Pakistan’s PM Shehbaz Sharif is in Astana to attend the summit, and a high-power delegation is scheduled to hold meetings with world leaders. He has already met President Putin and pledged to boost mutual trade to 1 billion dollars.
Pakistan became a full member in the same city, Astana, in 2017 when Nawaz Sharif participated in the meeting.
Indian PM Modi has decided to skip the meeting on a flimsy pretext that many analysts believe indicates that India doesn’t want to be too cosy with the organization headed by China. Last year, while India hosted the SCO summit, it changed it into a virtual meeting to avoid the presence of Pakistani and Chinese heads of government in Delhi. Next year, China will host the SCO summit.
Kazakhstan assumed the chair of the SCO in July 2023, and the President, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, identified critical priorities meant to promote regional security and economic cooperation. During Kazakhstan’s chairmanship, the SCO took up the torch of the theme “On World Unity for a Just Peace and Harmony,” focusing on confidence-building to ensure stability under the current pressure from global geopolitics.
The leaders are expected to approve the Astana Declaration, 20 resolutions, and three critical statements at their summit. Other important issues to be addressed include the approval of the program “On World Unity for Just Peace, Harmony and Development” and “On SCO Improvement,” discussion on how to enhance multilateral cooperation, consideration of international and regional problems, and how to improve the comprehensive multi-dimensional collaboration inside the SCO.
The most important outcome of the summit, whereby Belarus’s accession has been worked out as a full member status in SCO, is a historic move in the sense that it paves the way for expanding the organization’s membership. Such a change signals the need for the SCO to have an increasing say on the international stage at a critical time when international relations seem to worsen by the day.
Along with the main summit, an extended “SCO Plus” meeting will be held under the slogan “On World Unity for Just Peace, Harmony and Development.” This meeting intends to create a platform for dialogue between member states and observer countries of the SCO. Attention is to be paid, especially to expanding spheres of cooperation and ways to jointly overcome existing threats to sustainable development and peace (Kazinform).
The Press Centre of the Summit will be situated at the Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, which will provide full technical support to all media representatives.
Accredited journalists will be able to register directly at the entrance to the Center on the morning of July 4. Operations at the event will work in a well-regulated mode to provide comprehensive coverage of the event. The Press Centre will telecast all events, excluding the closed meeting of the Council of Heads of the SCO Member States, in line with SCO regulations (The Astana Times). The detailed program for the summit will feature delegations’ arrivals, joint photography sessions, the meeting of the SCO Council of Heads of State, a signing ceremony for final documents, and the SCO Plus meeting. The summit will end with a press release by SCO Secretary-General Zhang Ming (The Astana Times).
Kazakhstan’s visionary approach during its chairmanship has been lauded, in particular, by SCO Secretary-General Zhang Ming. Since the beginning of the leadership, more than 100 events have been organized by Kazakhstan, including forums on energy, digital, and tourism, as well as more than 30 documents in the different fields of cooperation. One of the main projects Kazakhstan has pushed is the creation of a SCO Investment Fund and an economic preferences base, representing, according to information provided by The Astana Times, the very concept of “hot economics, cold politics” (Kazinform).
The summit in Astana will be an important event that should draw many points for defining the organization as a critical factor for regional cooperation and a contributor to global issues. With almost half of the world’s population and combined gross domestic product over $23 trillion, its power is surging. The entry of Belarus into this league is a severe matter of development and depicts the resolve of the SCO towards attaining comprehensive regional development (Kazinform).
The country’s leadership keeps pressing that the only way out of the contemporary problems of the global world is through practical, cooperative solutions.
2024, “Year of Ecology” will be on top of the strategic program, supported by all member states through the initiative that will dictate a strong move towards sustainable development. Initiatives against terrorism, separatism, and extremism programs are to be passed during the summit to be taken up for discussion along with SCO anti-drug strategy (Kazinform).
The World is watching Astana closely as world leaders gather there for the SCO Summit. What is decided and announced here will determine the future direction of regional and international cooperation. The SCO Summit 2024 will be a big step not only for Kazakhstan’s chair but also for intensive collaboration and unity at the regional and global levels.
New Gas Reserves in Sindh
Pakistan’s energy sector has received a significant boost with the announcement of new gas reserves discovered in Sindh. Following Mari Petroleum’s recent discovery, Pakistan Petroleum Limited (PPL) has also reported a substantial find in the Latif block of Khairpur district. This discovery comes at a crucial time when the country is grappling with depleting energy resources and increasing demand. The latest discovery will add more hydrocarbon reserves and help increase the local hydrocarbon supply in the country, potentially reducing the gas demand-supply gap.
PPL, formed in 1950 with a primary focus on the exploration and production of oil and natural gas, initiated the drilling of the new well on May 5, 2024. The drilling reached its target depth of 3438 meters, unveiling a reservoir capable of yielding 11.27 million standard cubic feet per day (MMSCF) of gas. This discovery is particularly significant given the current scarcity of gas, which meets approximately 35% of Pakistan’s energy requirements. The successful drilling and identification of new gas reserves highlight PPL’s continued commitment to enhancing the country’s energy security.
Natural gas is a vital component of Pakistan’s energy mix, used extensively as fuel in factories, vehicles, and homes. Gas remains an essential energy source for various sectors, including manufacturing, transportation, and domestic consumption. However, pre-existing reserves are rapidly depleting, leading to a pressing need for new discoveries to ensure a steady supply. The recent findings by PPL and Mari Petroleum are therefore highly encouraging, offering hope for enhanced local hydrocarbon supply and a reduction in the gap between supply and demand.
In a country where energy shortages often lead to power outages and industrial slowdowns, these new reserves are a welcome development.
Pakistan is endowed with significant natural gas reserves, primarily located in the provinces of Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In Sindh alone, gas is being extracted from 13 different locations. The province of Sindh has historically been a key area for gas production, contributing a large portion of the national output. Additionally, large deposits of oil and gas have been discovered in Kirk and Dera Ismail Khan, further highlighting the country’s potential in the energy sector. These regions have been instrumental in sustaining Pakistan’s energy supply over the years. The country’s diversified geographical presence of gas reserves is a strategic advantage, enabling continuous exploration and production activities across different regions. This diversity also mitigates the risk of over-reliance on a single source or area, ensuring a more balanced and resilient energy supply network.
Mari Petroleum, one of Pakistan’s largest energy and exploration companies, recently informed the stock exchange about the discovery of new gas reserves in the Ghazi Formation in Sindh, which will yield five million MMSCF of gas per day. Mari Petroleum’s continued success in exploration underscores its role as a major player in the country’s energy sector. Furthermore, the Oil and Gas Development Company (OGDCL) has resumed production from the Nashpachar well in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which is expected to reduce the country’s import bill by $59.85 million. These discoveries by multiple companies demonstrate a collective effort to enhance Pakistan’s energy self-sufficiency.
The discovery of new gas reserves holds significant economic implications for Pakistan. By harnessing its natural resources, the country can manage its declining economy more effectively. The addition of new hydrocarbon reserves will not only boost local supply but also help reduce the reliance on imported energy, thereby alleviating the financial burden on the country. Energy imports have historically strained Pakistan’s foreign exchange reserves, contributing to economic instability. Reducing dependency on imported gas can help stabilize the national currency and improve the overall economic outlook. Additionally, increased local production of natural gas can lead to job creation in exploration, drilling, and related industries. The development of new gas fields requires skilled labor, technical expertise, and infrastructure development, all of which contribute to economic growth.
The energy sector’s expansion can also stimulate investments in ancillary industries such as equipment manufacturing, transportation, and services, further boosting the economy.
The contribution of new gas reserves to Pakistan’s economy cannot be overstated. Energy is a critical driver of economic activity, and ensuring a stable and affordable supply is essential for sustained growth. The manufacturing sector, which relies heavily on natural gas, can benefit from lower energy costs, leading to increased production and competitiveness in both domestic and international markets. Reduced energy costs can also translate into lower production costs for goods and services, benefiting consumers through lower prices. Moreover, the transportation sector, particularly public and commercial transport, can gain from a steady supply of natural gas, promoting the use of cleaner and more cost-effective fuel alternatives. This can lead to reduced operational costs and enhanced efficiency, contributing to economic stability.
The discovery of new gas reserves also enhances Pakistan’s strategic position in the region. By increasing its energy self-sufficiency, the country can reduce its vulnerability to external energy supply disruptions and geopolitical risks. This stability can attract foreign investments, as investors seek stable and reliable markets with secure energy supplies.
The announcement of new gas reserves in Sindh by PPL and Mari Petroleum marks a promising development for Pakistan’s energy sector. These discoveries will contribute to meeting the country’s energy demands, support industrial and domestic needs, and provide a much-needed boost to the economy. As Pakistan continues to explore and develop its natural resources, the future of its energy security looks increasingly optimistic. By leveraging its natural gas reserves, Pakistan can strengthen its economy, reduce its import dependency, and pave the way for sustainable growth and development.