The ongoing issue of terrorism in Balochistan remains a pressing challenge for the Pakistani government, exacerbated by a surge in violence and complex socio-political dynamics. In recent years, the insurgency led by groups such as the Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) has intensified, resulting in significant casualties and destabilization in the region. Data from 2023 and early 2024 illustrate this troubling trend:

This spike in violence highlights not only the operational capabilities of militant groups but also their strategic focus on targeting vulnerable sectors.

Balochistan’s vast resources starkly contrast with local disenfranchisement, fueling support for separatist groups.

The Center for Research and Security Studies (CRSS) notes that over 1,600 civilians and security personnel were killed across Pakistan in 2024 due to rising militancy, marking one of the deadliest years in recent history. In particular, Balochistan experienced nine terrorist incidents in October 2024 alone, leading to 30 fatalities, including a devastating attack that claimed the lives of 21 mine workers in Duki.

These figures illustrate the grave threat posed by insurgent activities and the urgent need for a multifaceted response. The Pakistani government’s response has been multifaceted but often criticized for its heavy-handedness. Military operations have been ramped up, with reports indicating approximately 383 security personnel were killed during counterterrorism operations throughout 2024.

While these efforts aim to suppress militant activities, they have frequently alienated local populations and failed to address underlying grievances related to economic deprivation and political marginalization.

Cross-border militant activities have intensified post-Taliban’s return, amplifying the region’s security challenges.

Balochistan’s socio-economic landscape is marked by stark inequalities despite its rich natural resources. The local population feels disenfranchised, with many believing they do not benefit from the wealth generated from their land. This sense of injustice has fueled support for separatist movements and militant groups.

The geopolitical context further complicates matters. Following the Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan in August 2021, there has been an observable increase in cross-border militant activities. The Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) has intensified its operations within Pakistan’s borders, often collaborating with local insurgent groups like the BLA.

As Pakistan grapples with this multifaceted crisis, it is crucial for policymakers to adopt a comprehensive approach that combines military action with socio-economic development and political engagement.

Through such holistic strategies, the Pakistani government can quell the insurgency and restore stability to Balochistan—a region critical not only for its resources but also for its strategic significance within South Asia.

Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the author. They do not represent the views, beliefs, or policies of the Stratheia.